The UK Government has pledged new funding of £26bn since January 2020 for climate and nature over the course of the next parliament, including on low carbon transport, industrial decarbonisation and low carbon buildings. Taking into account these spending promises, the Green Alliance estimates that £22.7bn of additional spending will be needed every year to tackle the climate and nature emergency to the end of this parliament in 2024. This includes an additional £9bn a year on accelerating the transition to electric vehicles, and on walking, cycling, bus and rail infrastructure; £2.3bn a year on making buildings e cient and kickstarting the roll-out of electric heat pumps; £400m a year on establishing a resource efficiency programme for industry; and £6.6bn a year on nature restoration and establishing a world leading food, farming and fishing sector.